Madl AK, Covell LT, Salazar M, Donnell MT, Thongphanh KA, Pinkerton KE. 2026. Chapter 9.15: Particle toxicology – Principles, methods, and examples. In: Comprehensive Toxicology, 4th ed., Vol. 9; doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-95488-4.00239-4. pp. 263-312.
Abstract
This chapter reviews how different types of airborne particles and fibers can lead to very different biological responses, depending on their physicochemical characteristics, biopersistence, and internal dose. This chapter will also touch upon the theoretical or known mechanisms by which some airborne particles cause toxicity, including how particle physicochemistry can influence particle deposition and clearance patterns and ultimately lead to different patterns of site-specific or broad-based structural changes in the lungs.