Publications

Wikoff D, Fitch S, Eichenbaum G, Ejaz S, Klaren W, Southall M. Need for fit-for-purpose approaches that integrate dose, mechanism, and context of use with key characteristics when evaluating the carcinogenic potential of widely used therapeutics: A case study of acetaminophen. Abstract 4005, Society of Toxicology 65^th Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA, March 2026.

Vincent M, Wheeler M, Schaefer H, Rhoden J,  Fitch S, Wikoff D. Quantitative bias assessment to facilitate assessment of (un)certainty in observational data evaluating acetaminophen use and liver cancer. Abstract 4279, Society of Toxicology 65^th Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA, March 2026.

Shobair M, Allen D, Ballone I, Brull M, Burbank M, Choksi N, Fitch S, Irizar A, et al. A machine-learning approach for the development of a knowledgebase to identify systemic toxicity mechanistic targets and evaluate biological space coverage. Abstract 5161, Society of Toxicology 65^th Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA, March 2026.

Buerger AN, Lea IA, Vincent MJ,…, Choksi NY, Britt J, Fitch S, Rogers S, Schaefer H, Haws L,…, Wikoff D, Borghoff SJ. Systematic evaluation of the carcinogenic potential of di-isononyl phthalate in humans. Abstract 3314, Society of Toxicology 65^th Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA, March 2026.

Rivera BN, Lea IA, Fitch S, Choksi N, Franzen A, Bus J, Rushton E, Borghoff SJ. 2025. Systematic evaluation of the evidence base on ethyl tert-butyl ether and tert-butyl alcohol for carcinogenic potential in humans: Lack of concern based on animal cancer studies and mechanistic data. Curr Res Tox 10(Nov 10):100270; doi: 10.1016/j.crtox.2025.100270. PMID: 41446581.

Fitch S, Rogers J, Marty S, Norman J, Schneider S, Rushton E, Wikoff D, Ellis-Hutchings R. 2025. Systematic review of potential developmental and reproductive toxicity of microplastics. Toxicol Sci 207(2):289-305; doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaf108. PMID: 40794567.

Wikoff D, Fitch S, Vincent M, Southall MD, Atillasoy E, Weinstein RD, Ejaz SD, Rhoden JD, Choksi N. Biological plausibility assessment of acetaminophen and occurrence of developmental neurological outcomes in humans. Abstract 4768, Society of Toxicology 64^th Annual Meeting, Orlando, FL, March 2025. (Honored as one of the Risk Assessment Specialty Section’s Top 10 Abstracts).

Rivera BN, Lea IA, Fitch S, Choksi N, Franzen A, Bus J, Rushton EK, Borghoff SJ. Systematic evaluation of the evidence base on ethyl tert-butyl ether and tert-butyl alcohol for carcinogenic potential in humans: Low concern based on animal cancer studies and mechanistic data. Abstract 4697, Society of Toxicology 64^th Annual Meeting, Orlando, FL, March 2025.

Fitch S, Wikoff D, Foreman J, Buerger A, Haws L, Palmero C. Assessment of relative potency factors for six phthalates. Abstract 4235, Society of Toxicology 64^th Annual Meeting, Orlando, FL, March 2025.

Buerger AN, Vincent MJ, Fitch S, Rushton EK, Borghoff SJ. Evaluation of potential obesogenicity through a mode of action approach: A case study with MTBE. Abstract 3928, Society of Toxicology 64^th Annual Meeting, Orlando, FL, March 2025.

Borghoff SJ, Rivera BN, Fitch S, Buerger A, Choksi N, Franzen A, Bus J, Rushton EK, Lea I. Systematic evaluation of the evidence base on methyl tert-butyl ether for carcinogenic potential in humans; Low concern based on animal cancer studies and mechanistic data. Abstract 4702, Society of Toxicology 64^th Annual Meeting, Orlando, FL, March 2025.

Borghoff SJ, Rivera B, Fitch S, Buerger AN, Choksi N, Franzen A, Vincent MJ, Covington T, Bus J, Rushton E, Lea IA. 2025. Systematic evaluation of the evidence base on methyl tert-butyl ether supporting a lack of concern for carcinogenic hazard in human based on animal cancer studies and mechanistic data. Curr Res Toxicol 8:100224; doi: 10.1016/j.crtox.2025.100224. PMID: 40084233.

Kennedy SB, Heintz MM, Klaren WD, Wikoff DS, Haws LC, Fitch SE. 2025. An integrated ecotoxicological study reliability framework for use in toxicity value development. Environ Tox Chem 44(4):1142-1153; doi: 10.1093/etojnl/vgaf030. PMID: 39873747.

Wikoff D, Fitch S. 2024. Systematic reviews and evidence-based methods in toxicology. In: Wexler P (ed), Encyclopedia of Toxicology. Elsevier, pp. 875–882.

Vincent MJ, Fitch S, Bylsma L, Thompson C, Rogers S, Britt J, Wikoff D. 2024. Assessment of associations between inhaled formaldehyde and lymphohematopoietic cancer through the integration of epidemiological and toxicological evidence with biological plausibility. Toxicol Sci 199(2):172–193; doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfae039. PMID: 38547404.

Wikoff D, Fitch S. 2024. Evidence‐based methods in toxicology: Systematic review and systematic evidence mapping. Chapter 32 in: Paustenbach DJ (ed), Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: Theory and Practice, Third Edition, pp. 1133–1148. Wiley, ISBN: 978-1-119-74296-8.

Fitch S, Ellis-Hutchings R, Rogers J, Marty S, Rushton E,… Wikoff D. Study quality evaluation of literature reporting plastic microparticle exposure against reproductive and developmental toxicity endpoints. Abstract 5159, Society of Toxicology 63rd Annual Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, March 2024.

Vincent M, Fitch S, Bylsma L, Thompson C, Rogers S, Britt J, Wikoff D. Integration of toxicological and epidemiological information to evaluate biological plausibility and causality of associations between inhaled formaldehyde (FA) and lymphohematopoietic (LHP) cancers. Abstract 5157, Society of Toxicology 63rd Annual Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, March 2024. 

Urban JD, Covington TR, Fitch SE, Wikoff DS. Dioxin-like compounds in soils: A pilot survey updating background soil TEQ. Abstract 5147, Society of Toxicology 63rd Annual Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, March 2024. 

Lynn SG, Lea IA, Urban J, Borghoff SJ, Wikoff D, Fitch S, Perry C, Choksi N, Britt J, Heintz M, Klaren W, et al. Development and application of systematic approach to inventory and interrogate thyroid hormone network information. Abstract 4357, Society of Toxicology 63rd Annual Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, March 2024.